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Sport Sections
Friday, January 19
New York Yankees



The Numbers
Record:
87-74, .540 (9th overall)
Payroll:
$113.3 million (1st overall)

Runs scored:
871, 6th in AL
Runs allowed:
814, 4th in AL
Run differential:
57, 12th overall

Starters' ERA:
4.87, 4th in AL
Bullpen ERA:
4.52, 10th in AL

3-year-record:
299-186, .616 (2nd overall)
3-year payroll:
$279.1 million (1st overall)

2000 in review
What went right?
Jorge Posada became the superstar analysts expected him to be. Bernie Williams and Derek Jeter stayed healthy enough to buttress the offense against the team's declining corner players. The front three starting pitchers made 93 starts, with only Orlando Hernandez missing a little time due to injuries. Doc Gooden saved his career with good work in a mop-up/long-relief role. And the Yanks could do no wrong in the playoffs, yet again.

What went wrong?
David Cone's ERA doubled to nearly 7.00. Expected fifth starter Ed Yarnall hurt his back, had a lousy camp, and was shipped to Cincinnati for Denny Neagle, who gave up 16 homers in 91.1 innings as a Yankee. The back of the bullpen was terrible again. Chuck Knoblauch's throwing problems didn't go away, and his offense took a step down to boot (pun intended). And the Yanks got very little offense from their infield and outfield corners.

In retrospect, the critical decisions were:
1. Letting Joe Girardi walk. With Girardi finally gone, taking his suitcase full of chemistry and veteran leadership with him, Jorge Posada got his full-time job, posting a .944 OPS (third among AL catchers with at least 100 PA) in 151 games. The move also saved the Yankees about $3 million in 2000.

2. Trading for David Justice and Glenallen Hill in July and August. Justice hit .305/.391/.585 in 78 games as a Yankee, which paled in comparison to Hill's performance. Hill hit 16 homers in 40 games, slugging .735 in 132 at-bats in Pinstripes. Not all the Yankees' stretch moves worked out (Neagle, Jose Canseco), but these paid off several times over.

3. Giving David Cone 29 starts. Had the Yankees moved to replace Cone sooner with any of their internal options (Yarnall, Ted Lilly, even Gooden), they could have saved themselves the tight September race and near-collapse they faced at season's end.

Looking ahead to 2001
Three key questions
1. Can this team win again without addressing the five holes in its lineup? See "A Closer Look" for more.

2. Who fills out the back of the pitching staff? The fifth starter role is open with no clear favorite in the race. Jeff Nelson's departure leaves a hole in the bullpen on the right side, and while Jason Grimsley wasn't very good, he did provide innings that must be replaced.

3. Who plays second? If Knoblauch hasn't solved his throwing problem, can Joe Torre continue running him out there? Will D'Angelo Jimenez get his chance? Or will Torre infuriate Yankee fans everywhere by putting Luis Sojo out there again?

Dave Campbell's
Man on the Spot
If the Yankees get to the postseason because of their great four-man staff and closer, they'll be favored to win. But getting there is the question mark. Tino Martinez had a dramatic dropoff in production last year. Once you get into your 30s you're allowed to have one bad year, but if you have two in a row the handwriting goes on the wall and the big contracts are gone. With Derek Jeter, Bernie Williams and Paul O'Neill batting in front of him, there will be a lot of guys on base. Tino's RBI total should be much higher than it was last season. He was the heart of the offense in 1997 when he hit 44 home runs but he's been in steady decline ever since.

Can expect to play better
If El Duque's elbow is sound, he's the only good bet to improve in 2001. Rookies Ted Lilly and Randy Keisler could make an impact, but neither was impressive in his September callup.

Can expect to play worse
Paul O'Neill hit uncharacteristically well against lefties last year, which won't continue. He's also at an age where a falloff is very likely. Tino and Brosius might not get worse, but they won't get better.

Projected lineup
2B Chuck Knoblauch
SS Derek Jeter
RF Paul O'Neill
CF Bernie Williams
DH David Justice
C Jorge Posada
1B Tino Martinez
LF Shane Spencer / Henry Rodriguez
3B Scott Brosius

Rotation
Roger Clemens
Mike Mussina
Orlando Hernandez
Andy Pettitte
Adrian Hernandez / Randy Keisler / Ramiro Mendoza

Closer
Mariano Rivera

A closer look
There's no single formula for postseason success. Some teams make it there primarily on offense, some on pitching, some on a wing and a prayer. But rarely do teams reach or win the World Series with gaping holes in their games, like a horrendous pitching rotation or a lineup full of automatic outs.

Yet that's exactly what the Yankees will try to do in 2001. Despite the presence of at least two and as many as five major holes in their lineup, the Yankees decided to spend their millions upgrading the fourth slot in their rotation instead of fixing the problems they had scoring runs in 2000.

Here's the Yankees' projected lineup for 2001, with each player's 2000 OPS and the league average OPS for that position in 2000:

Pos. Player OPS Lg-Pos OPS
2B Knoblauch .751 .721
SS Jeter .897 .769
RF O'Neill .760 .818
CF Williams .957 .781
DH Justice .961 .829
C Posada .944 .753
1B Martinez .750 .883
LF Spencer .790 .820
3B Brosius .673 .773

Rarely has a team gone so far with so little production from the right side of the defensive spectrum. That spectrum, for those of you who aren't familiar with it, ranks the positions in rough order of their defensive importance/difficulty, with positions to the left more important/difficult. It looks something like this:

C SS 2B CF 3B RF LF 1B

The typical team gets most of its offense from the right half (the last four positions, or five if you include the designated hitter). Since players with good bats but lousy gloves will move to the right over the course of their careers, most teams find their best bats concentrated on the right side of the spectrum.

This, in turn, is why guys like Ivan and Alex Rodriguez and Derek Jeter and Jorge Posada are so valuable: They allow a team the relatively rare luxury of a solid bat on the left side of the spectrum, so the team can have a leg up on teams that get the bulk of their offense from the positions in the right half ? unless, of course, the team in question doesn't get the expected production from the players on the corners.

The Yankees are one of the best examples of such a team in years. Here's the OPS rank within the lineup of each of the team's eight position players (omitting David Justice, who will be a full-time DH in 2001):

C	SS	2B	CF	3B	RF	LF	1B
2	3	6	1	8	5	4	7

And it's not as if the players on the right only look bad by comparison to the superstars on the left. Scott Brosius had the worst OPS of any full-time AL infielder. Tino Martinez finished ahead of just one player -- Ron Coomer, who was non-tendered by the Twins in December. (He found employment with the Cubs, who specialize in aging mediocrities.) Paul O'Neill only managed to beat out Matt Stairs, who hit .227, and Jose Guillen, who didn't have enough at-bats to qualify but nearly beat out O'Neill at .750. Shane Spencer, the star of this group (and, ironically, the lowest-paid by about $5 million), didn't play enough to qualify last year, but his big improvement to .790 would have only put him ahead of Troy O'Leary and Jacque Jones, who can at least play center field. What's worse is that O'Neill, Tino, and Brosius are all well into their 30s and thus are in the dropoff zone, where hitting performances can go off the cliff at any moment. (Some would argue Tino's and Brosius' already have.)

So the right half of the Yankees' offense is bad, but is it historically bad? How have past World Series winners stacked up offensively in this regard? And, most importantly, how did they fare in the years after?

We looked at the last 20 World Series winners to see how their four corner hitters performed at the plate during the regular season, and the Yankees do not fare well by this comparison either.

Year Team AVG OBP SLG OPS
1979 Pitt. .288 .356 .493 .849
1980 Phi. .281 .353 .445 .798
1981 L.A. .288 .349 .436 .785
1982 St.L. .285 .353 .398 .751
1983 Bal. .271 .340 .450 .790
1984 Det. .270 .345 .421 .766
1985 K.C. .261 .330 .443 .773
1986 NYM .277 .362 .448 .810
1987 Min. .262 .336 .456 .792
1988 L.A. .262 .319 .391 .710
1989 Oak. .269 .345 .396 .741
1990 Cin. .280 .338 .438 .776
1991 Min. .284 .348 .431 .779
1992 Tor. .266 .334 .442 .776
1993 Tor. .275 .354 .454 .808
1995 Atl. .266 .352 .479 .831
1996 NYY .288 .370 .441 .811
1997 Fla. .275 .374 .444 .818
1998 NYY .288 .362 .463 .825
1999 NYY .259 .332 .426 .758
2000 NYY .264 .331 .433 .764

Since the advent of the happy-ball era, which started in either 1993 or 1994 depending on whom you ask, the '99-00 Yankees have been the only teams to win the World Series with a sub-.800 OPS from their four corner players. Even without adjusting for ballparks and offensive contexts, in the last 20 years, only four teams have shown anything resembling the Yankees' ineptitude on the margins of the field.

The 1982 Cardinals were, of course, a totally different animal from any of today's teams. The Cardinals used a walks, speed, and Astroturf approach to run creation under Whitey Herzog, coupled with a strong top-to-bottom pitching staff. They also faced one of the weaker pennant winners of the past 20 years in a Milwaukee Brewers' squad whose ace, Pete Vuckovich, had probably already torn his rotator cuff by October.

The 1988 Dodgers played in a horrible hitters' park in a low-offense year, one season after the home run spike of 1987. The Dodgers had a horrible lineup overall: only two regulars slugged .400, and the team's most-used corner infielders both failed to reach a .300 OBP. (Pedro Guerrero was hurt and played in just 59 games.) The Dodgers rode Orel Hersheiser and a lot of luck in the playoffs that year; they haven't returned to the World Series since.

The 1989 A's may surprise you by their presence on this list, but Dave Henderson dragged those numbers down significantly, and Mark McGwire's .231/.339/.467 didn't help matters. Injuries also forced the A's to play some real stiffs, like Mike Gallego and Luis Polonia at the corners. Within two years, the juggernaut collapsed for a variety of reasons, including the demise of its pitching.

The 1984 Tigers might be the best comparison for the 2000 Yankees in the performance of their corner players. The Tigers had two great players up the middle in Chet Lemon (center field), Alan Trammell (shortstop); two more good players up the middle in Lance Parrish (catcher) and Lou Whitaker (second baseman); and Kirk Gibson, who led the team with an .879 OPS. The one year that the Tigers had good pitching, they ran the table, but otherwise, they couldn't capitalize on their strength on the left side of the defensive spectrum. Aside from a last-gasp title in 1987, the Tigers were unable to repeat any of their 1984 dominance.

The Yankees' success in the last two seasons can't be denied, and many of the elements remain, including the incredible offense they boast up the middle and yet another solid front four in their rotation. But with Bernie Williams already 32 and Jorge Posada 29, the Yankees have just one lineup regular likely to improve at the plate in the near term, and the depleted bullpen is heavily dependent on Mike Stanton and Mariano Rivera.

With so many declines likely in their lineup in 2001 and the Yanks unlikely to find the same sort of luck they had in 2000 (just ask Terrence Long about that late-afternoon California sun), it's hard to see the Yankees winning the division again, much less pulling off baseball's first four-peat since their heyday in the 1950s.

Keith Law writes for the Baseball Prospectus team. Look for their 2001 edition in bookstores in early February. To order, click on their web site.




ALSO SEE
Yankees minor-league report

Klapisch: Chinks in the Yankee armor

ESPN.com's Hot Stove Heaters